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To describe the principle of Gram's staining process, we use a series of chemical reagents to differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The primary steps involved in Gram's staining process are:

1. Crystal violet: This is the primary stain that is applied to the bacterial cells, staining all cells purple.

2. Iodine: This acts as a mordant, forming a complex with the crystal violet and trapping it within the cell.

3. Alcohol or acetone: This is the decolorizing agent that washes away the crystal violet-iodine complex from Gram-negative bacteria, leaving them colorless.

4. Safranin: This is the counterstain that is applied to the decolorized Gram-negative bacteria, staining them pink or red.

By following these steps, we can differentiate between Gram-positive bacteria (which retain the purple color) and Gram-negative bacteria (which take on the pink or red color). This staining process is essential in microbiology for identifying and classifying bacteria based on their cell wall composition.