c) A $5.0 \mathrm{mM}$ solution of $C d$ (II) ion give the diffusion current of $40 \mu \mathrm{A}$ at constant temperature. Find the diffusion coefficient of $C d$ (II) ion. [Given : Rate of flow of mercury $=3.2 \mathrm{mg} \cdot s^{-1}$, Drop time

Question

Accepted Answer

∻Solution∻ ‖ 1 ⋮ **Identify the given data**: The concentration of $Cd^{2+}$ ion is $5.0 \, ext{mM}$, the diffusion current is $40 \, \mu ext{A}$, the rate of flow of mercury is $3.2 \, ext{mg} \cdot ext{s}^{-1}$, and the drop time is not provided. ‖ ‖ 2 ⋮ **Use Ilkovic equation**: The Ilkovic equation relates the diffusion current ($i_d$) to the diffusion coefficient ($D$), concentration ($C$), and other constants. The equation is $i_d = k n F A D^{1/3} C$, where $k$ is a constant, $n$ is the number of electrons, $F$ is the Faraday constant, $A$ is the area, and $D$ is the diffusion coefficient. ‖ ‖ 3 ⋮ **Simplify the equation**: Since the drop time and other constants are not provided, we can simplify the equation to $i_d = k' D^{1/3} C$, where $k'$ is a combined constant. ‖ ‖ 4 ⋮ **Solve for $D$**: Rearrange the equation to solve for $D$: $D = \left( \frac{i_d}{k' C} ight)^3$. ‖ ‖ 5 ⋮ **Substitute the values**: Substitute $i_d = 40 \, \mu ext{A}$ and $C = 5.0 \, ext{mM}$ into the equation. Note that $k'$ is not provided, so we cannot calculate the exact value of $D$ without additional information. ‖ ∻Answer∻ ⚹ The diffusion coefficient $D$ cannot be determined exactly without the value of the constant $k'$. ⚹ ∻Key Concept∻ ⚹ Ilkovic equation for diffusion current ⚹ ∻Explanation∻ ⚹ The Ilkovic equation relates the diffusion current to the diffusion coefficient, concentration, and other constants. Without the value of the combined constant $k'$, the exact diffusion coefficient cannot be calculated. ⚹ --- ∻Solution∻ ‖ 1 ⋮ **Identify the given data**: The student is asking about the best electrical conductor among different solutions. ‖ ‖ 2 ⋮ **Compare conductivity**: Electrical conductivity depends on the concentration of ions and their mobility in the solution. ‖ ‖ 3 ⋮ **Determine the best conductor**: Generally, solutions with higher ionic concentration and ions with higher mobility will have better conductivity. ‖ ∻Answer∻ ⚹ The best electrical conductor among different solutions is the one with the highest ionic concentration and ions with the highest mobility. ⚹ ∻Key Concept∻ ⚹ Electrical conductivity of solutions ⚹ ∻Explanation∻ ⚹ Electrical conductivity is influenced by the concentration of ions and their mobility in the solution. Higher ionic concentration and higher mobility result in better conductivity. ⚹ --- ∻Solution∻ ‖ 1 ⋮ **Identify the given data**: The student is asking about the maximum number of a compound to undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. ‖ ‖ 2 ⋮ **Determine the compound**: Compounds with multiple positions available for substitution, such as benzene rings with multiple substituents, can undergo multiple electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. ‖ ‖ 3 ⋮ **Identify the positions**: The number of available positions for substitution depends on the structure of the compound and the nature of existing substituents. ‖ ∻Answer∻ ⚹ The maximum number of a compound to undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction depends on the number of available positions on the aromatic ring. ⚹ ∻Key Concept∻ ⚹ Electrophilic aromatic substitution ⚹ ∻Explanation∻ ⚹ Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions occur at positions on the aromatic ring that are available and not sterically hindered by existing substituents. ⚹ --- ∻Solution∻ ‖ 1 ⋮ **Identify the given data**: The student is asking about the preparation of a $2.8 \, ext{M}$ solution from Methanol and Sodium Carbonate. ‖ ‖ 2 ⋮ **Calculate the moles of solute**: To prepare a $2.8 \, ext{M}$ solution, calculate the moles of Sodium Carbonate needed for the desired volume of solution. ‖ ‖ 3 ⋮ **Determine the volume of solvent**: Calculate the volume of Methanol required to dissolve the calculated moles of Sodium Carbonate to achieve the desired molarity. ‖ ‖ 4 ⋮ **Mix the solution**: Dissolve the calculated moles of Sodium Carbonate in the calculated volume of Methanol to prepare the $2.8 \, ext{M}$ solution. ‖ ∻Answer∻ ⚹ To prepare a $2.8 \, ext{M}$ solution, calculate the moles of Sodium Carbonate needed and dissolve it in the appropriate volume of Methanol. ⚹ ∻Key Concept∻ ⚹ Solution preparation ⚹ ∻Explanation∻ ⚹ Preparing a solution of a specific molarity involves calculating the moles of solute needed and dissolving it in the appropriate volume of solvent. ⚹◊What is the formula for calculating diffusion coefficient in a solution?⍭ Generate me a similar question◊

Sia