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青州's Question
Chemistry
Posted 10 months ago

accordance with departmental policies.
1 of 2 Identify the functional group(s) in each of the following molecules.
a.
b.
c.
CH3−CH2−CH2−S−H
\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{S}-\mathrm{H}

d.
CH3−CH2−O−CH3
\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{CH}_{3}

e.
f.
g.
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Answer from Sia
Posted 10 months ago
Solution
1
Identify the functional group in molecule a: The functional group present in molecule a is the carboxylic acid group, which is characterized by the C(=O)−OH\mathrm{C(=O)-OH} structure
2
Identify the functional group in molecule b: Molecule b contains an alcohol group, which is represented by the −OH\mathrm{-OH} attached to a saturated carbon atom
3
Identify the functional group in molecule c: The functional group in molecule c is a thiol group, indicated by the −SH\mathrm{-SH} attached to a carbon chain
4
Identify the functional group in molecule d: Molecule d has an ether group, which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl groups, represented as −O−\mathrm{-O-}
5
Identify the functional group in molecule e: The functional group in molecule e is an ester, which has the structure C(=O)−O−\mathrm{C(=O)-O-}
6
Identify the functional group in molecule f: Molecule f contains a ketone group, which is characterized by the C(=O)\mathrm{C(=O)} group bonded to two alkyl groups
7
Identify the functional group in molecule g: The functional group in molecule g is an aldehyde, indicated by the C(=O)−H\mathrm{C(=O)-H} structure at the end of a carbon chain
Answer
a. Carboxylic acid b. Alcohol c. Thiol d. Ether e. Ester f. Ketone g. Aldehyde
Key Concept
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.
Explanation
The functional groups in the given molecules determine their chemical properties and reactivity. Carboxylic acids have C(=O)−OH\mathrm{C(=O)-OH}, alcohols have −OH\mathrm{-OH}, thiols have −SH\mathrm{-SH}, ethers have −O−\mathrm{-O-}, esters have C(=O)−O−\mathrm{C(=O)-O-}, ketones have C(=O)\mathrm{C(=O)} bonded to two alkyl groups, and aldehydes have C(=O)−H\mathrm{C(=O)-H} at the end of a carbon chain.

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