Using ONE example, describe the process of active transport via a transporter.

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∻Answer∻ ⚹ Active transport via a transporter protein involves the movement of substances against their concentration gradient using energy from ATP. ⚹ ∻Solution∻ ‖ a ⋮ Example: Sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+ ATPase) in animal cells. ‖ ‖ b ⋮ Binding of 3 Na+ ions: Three sodium ions from the cytoplasm bind to the high-affinity sites on the intracellular side of the Na+/K+ pump. ‖ ‖ c ⋮ Hydrolysis of ATP: The binding of Na+ ions stimulates the hydrolysis of ATP, which provides energy for the conformational change of the pump. One ATP molecule is hydrolyzed, releasing ADP and a phosphate group, which is temporarily attached to the pump. This process is represented by the equation: $ ext{ATP} ightarrow ext{ADP} + ext{Pi} $. ‖ ‖ d ⋮ Conformational change and Na+ release: The energy from ATP hydrolysis induces a conformational change in the pump, reducing its affinity for Na+ ions and causing the release of the 3 Na+ ions outside the cell. ‖ ‖ e ⋮ Binding of 2 K+ ions: Two potassium ions from the extracellular fluid bind to the pump, which has a high affinity for K+ ions in this conformation. ‖ ‖ f ⋮ Restoration of original conformation: The binding of K+ ions triggers the release of the phosphate group, which restores the pump to its original conformation with high affinity for Na+ and low affinity for K+. ‖ ‖ g ⋮ Release of K+ ions and ready for another cycle: The K+ ions are released into the cytoplasm as the pump returns to its original conformation, and the pump is now ready to start another cycle of active transport. ‖ ∻Key Concept∻ ⚹ Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration with the use of energy from ATP. ⚹ ∻Explanation∻ ⚹ The sodium-potassium pump is an example of a transporter that uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions against their respective concentration gradients, maintaining the electrochemical gradient essential for various cellular processes. ⚹◊"How does the sodium-potassium pump function in active transport?"⍭ Generate me a similar question◊

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