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Biology
Posted 9 months ago
In both normal somatic cells and tumor (cancer) cells in humans, the mechanism for replication of a DNA double helix in the nucleus is:
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Answer from Sia
Posted 9 months ago
Answer
The mechanism for replication of a DNA double helix in the nucleus of both normal somatic cells and tumor (cancer) cells in humans involves several key steps.
Solution
a
Initiation: Replication begins at specific locations in the DNA called origins of replication. Proteins bind to these origins to unwind the DNA double helix
b
Unwinding: Helicase enzymes unwind the DNA double helix, creating a replication fork where the two strands are separated
c
Primer Binding: Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer complementary to the DNA strand, providing a starting point for DNA synthesis
d
Elongation: DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' end of the RNA primer, synthesizing the new DNA strand in a 5' to 3' direction
e
Termination: Once replication is complete, the RNA primers are removed and replaced with DNA, and the DNA ligase enzyme seals any gaps between the newly synthesized DNA fragments
Key Concept
DNA replication involves initiation, unwinding, primer binding, elongation, and termination.
Explanation
DNA replication is a complex process that ensures the accurate duplication of the genetic material in both normal and cancerous cells. The steps include initiation at origins of replication, unwinding of the DNA helix, synthesis of RNA primers, elongation of the new DNA strand by DNA polymerase, and termination with the removal of RNA primers and sealing of DNA fragments.
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