How do oxidation and reduction (redox) reactions work? Explain how the transfer of electrons is important to catabolic reactions and the release of energy, including how $N A \frac{D^{+}}{N} \mathrm{ADH}$ and FAD/FADH 2 are involved.

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∻Answer∻ ⚹ Oxidation and reduction reactions involve the transfer of electrons, which is crucial for catabolic reactions and the release of energy in biological systems. NAD⁺/NADH and FAD/FADH₂ are important electron carriers in these processes. ⚹ ∻Solution∻ ‖ a ⋮ Oxidation and reduction: Oxidation is the loss of electrons, while reduction is the gain of electrons. In biological systems, these reactions often occur simultaneously in what is known as a redox reaction. ‖ ‖ b ⋮ Importance in catabolic reactions: During catabolism, organic molecules such as glucose are broken down, releasing energy. Electrons are transferred from these molecules to electron carriers like NAD⁺ and FAD during this process. ‖ ‖ c ⋮ Role of NAD⁺/NADH and FAD/FADH₂: NAD⁺ is reduced to NADH, and FAD is reduced to FADH₂ as they accept electrons. These reduced carriers then transport electrons to the electron transport chain, where the energy from electrons is used to produce ATP. ‖ ∻Key Concept∻ ⚹ Redox reactions are fundamental to energy release in catabolic pathways, with NAD⁺/NADH and FAD/FADH₂ serving as essential electron carriers. ⚹ ∻Explanation∻ ⚹ The transfer of electrons to NAD⁺ and FAD during redox reactions in catabolism is a key step in the conversion of energy from organic molecules into a form that cells can use, primarily ATP. ⚹◊How do oxidation and reduction reactions impact cellular energy production?⍭ Generate me a similar question◊

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